Kinetic Investigation of Reaction Between Mineral Ulexite and Citric Acid

In this study, the dissolution kinetics of ulexite, a sodium-calcium-borate hydrate (Na₂O·2CaO·5B₂O₃·16H₂O) in citric acid solutions was investigated in a batch reactor. The rate of dissolution can be expressed according to surface chemical reaction controlling with changing fluid reactant concentration. The activation energy of the process was found to be 39.4 kJ/mol.     

Low‐temperature clean preparation of poly(lactic acid) foams by combining ethyl lactate and supercritical CO2: correlation between processing and foam pore structure

This study reports the low‐temperature and clean fabrication of porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) through solid‐state foaming using various mixtures of ethyl lactate (EL) and supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) as the blowing agent. Results showed that adding a small amount of EL (up to 0.2% molar fraction) to scCO₂ enhanced the plasticizing effect of the blowing agent mixture. As a direct consequence, at an operating temperature of 35 °C, PLA foams could be manufactured with homogeneous morphology, density as low as 0.09 ± 0.01 g cm^?3, mean pore sizes up to 519.0 ± 205.0 µm and pore densities in the range 2.0 × 10⁵ to 3.4 × 10⁸ pores cm^?3. Conversely, at a temperature of 40 °C, an increase of plasticizer concentration in the blowing agent mixture up to 0.2% promoted the crystallization of the polymer during sorption stage and, consequently, foaming was slightly reduced. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Photocatalytic effects of TiO2 mesoporous coating immobilized on clay roofing tiles

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the hydroxyl radicals (free and bound) produced by a TiO₂ mesoporous coating immobilized on the surface of clay roofing tiles. The efficiency of the coating was determined by microbiological and photochemical tests. In the microbiological test (pour plate method), use was made of the test bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the photochemical test involved the degradation of para-chlorobenzoic acid, monitored by HPLC method. Both experiments were carried out without and with a scavenger (methanol and tert-butanol). The results of the measurement of the photocatalytic efficiency, and the observed changes in the measured contact angle (sessile drop method), imply the existence of a photo-induced hydrophilicity of the TiO₂ coated porous substrates. The newly designed coating represents a medium which efficiently hinders bacterial adhesion. The experiments demonstrated the existence of self-cleaning and slight self-disinfecting properties of the mesoporous coating.     

Primary beneficiation of tantalite using magnetic separation and acid leaching

Primary beneficiation was successfully performed prior to dissolution of manganotantalite （sample A） and ferrotantalite （sample C） samples obtained from two different mines in the Naquissupa area, Mozambique. Magnetic separation removed the majority of iron and titanium, whereas H2SO4 leaching removed a large portion of thorium and uranium in these samples. Analytical results indicated that 64.14wt% and 72.04wt% of the total Fe and Ti, respectively, and -2wt% each of Nb205 and Ta205 were removed from sample C （ferrotantalite） using the magnetic separation method, whereas only 9.64wt% and 8.66wt% of total Fe203 and TiO2, respectively, and -2wt% each of NbEOs and Ta2O5 were removed from sample A （manganotantalite）. A temperature of 50℃ and a leaching time of 3 h in the presence of concentrated HESOa were observed to be the most appropriate leaching conditions for removal of radioactive elements from the tantalite ores. The results obtained for sample A under these conditions indicated that 64.14wt% U3O8 and 60.77wt% ThO2 were leached into the acidic solution, along with 4.45wt% and 0.99wt% of Nb2O5 and Ta2O5, respectively.     

工业废磷酸抛光液萃取回收制取工业级磷酸的研究

工业废磷酸洗液中磷酸含量平均为500 g/L,并含有一定量的Cu2+、Fe3+、Al3+、Zn2+、SO42-、NO3-、CH3COO-等杂质离子,加碱中和、沉淀等处理后排放会造成磷资源的浪费。通过浓缩、萃取、洗涤、反萃取、一次蒸发、碳酸钡脱硫、活性炭脱色、二次蒸发等系列处理后,杂质的含量能完全降低到工业磷酸的要求,磷酸的浓度和色度都符合国家工业磷酸标准。     

盐酸工序冷却系统技术改造

针对盐酸生产工序冷却系统存在的换热效率低、设备管道腐蚀严重、耗能高等问题进行了技术改造,并分析了改造后效益。     

生物制剂处理工艺在污酸废水处理中的应用

介绍生物制剂处理工艺、主要设备、技术参数及生产运行情况.1年多应用实践表明,该工艺在污酸废水处理中发挥重要作用.通过生物制剂处理工艺处理后的废水,满足硫酸车间循环水应用条件和烧结车间系统补水条件,从而使得烧结车间的水循环系统达到平衡.     

聚羧酸减水剂用HPEG聚醚结块问题的探讨

通过机理分析和实验考察,找到了影响HPEG聚醚结块的主要因素,并采取一定措施控制了结块产生。调整聚醚pH=7~8和向聚醚中加入阻聚剂对羟基苯甲醚(MEHQ),可有效防止大量结块聚醚的生成,使HPEG聚醚在高于50℃的条件下,存放时间延长至80 d,并且不影响其使用性能。